Which term refers specifically to an argument's logical integrity based on the truth of the premises?

The term that refers specifically to an argument's logical integrity based on the truth of the premises is a sound argument. A sound argument is not only valid, meaning that if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true, but it also requires that the premises themselves are indeed true. This dual requirement ensures that the argument is compelling and reliable, making sound arguments particularly strong in rational discourse.

In contrast, a fallacious argument contains errors in reasoning or logic that undermine its validity. Inductive arguments, while useful for drawing general conclusions based on specific instances, do not guarantee the truth of their conclusions even if the premises are true. Inference, while related to the reasoning process, does not specifically address the truth of the premises or the logical integrity of the argument itself like a sound argument does. Therefore, the nature of a sound argument underscores both the validity of its structure and the truthfulness of its foundational claims.