Which of the following is an example of Modus Ponens?

The reasoning behind selecting the second option as an example of Modus Ponens lies in its structure. Modus Ponens is a valid form of argument in deductive reasoning that follows this pattern: If P, then Q; P; therefore, Q.

In the correct choice, "If X, then Y; X; therefore, Y," we see a direct application of this logical form. The statement begins with a conditional (If X, then Y), asserts the antecedent (X), and concludes with the consequent (Y). This illustrates how, given the premise that if X is true then Y must also be true, and the acknowledgment that X indeed holds, we can logically infer that Y must be true as well.

This reasoning showcases the validity of the Modus Ponens argument, highlighting its reliance on affirming the antecedent to derive the consequent. Options that do not follow this structure reflect different logical forms, hence their incompatibility with Modus Ponens.